System of electrical distribution.



V. A. FYNN.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.16, 1910.

Fatenised Jan. 13, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHBET 1.

nwmrm Va'lEe A. Fynn,

WITNESSES:

V. A. FYNN.

r3 EM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.16,1910.

Patented Jan. 13, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES. N

Valre A. Fynn,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

VALERIE ALFRED FYNN, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOB TO WAGNER ELECTRICMANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF ST. .LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF HIS-SOUBI.

. SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 13, 1914.

Application filed Iarch 16, 1910. Serial No.'549,639. 1

tric light and power distribution and ap paratus therefor, in which agenerator that may be driven at varying and irregular speeds, andhereinafter referred to as a variable speed dynamo, is associated with astorage battery, the latter feeding the consumption circuit when thegenerator is at rest or is being driven at too slow a speed,'

i. 6., at a speed below its critical speed.

The improved system is articularly well adapted for car lighting, orwindmill operated plants and the like.

The objects of this invention are to feed the consumption circuit at apractically constant voltage, whether supplied from the battery or thegenerator, or from both; to make adequate provision for scharging thestorage battery from the generator; to avoid as far as possible allfluctuations of the voltage impressed on the consumption circuit, whenmaking the necessary alterations to the connections between the variouselements of the system, at or about the time when the main generatorreaches the critical speed, and is connected to the consumption circuit;to reduce the necessary alterations of connections to a minimum and toavoid, asfar as possible, the use of delicate automatic devices. I

Other objects and advantages of my improved system will appear from thedetailed description, and from the accompanying drawings, in whichFigure 1 represents one form of my system, and Fig. 2 shows another formof said system, together with an improved form of dynamo electricmachine, and an automatic, centrifugally controlled switch In itspreferred form my system comprises a consumption circuit and a storagebattery connected thereto, a main dynamo provided with a primary and asecondary exciting winding and adapted to be connected to theconsumption circuit in parallel to the battery after said main dynamohas reached a sufiicient speed, or after its voltage has reached apredetermined value; an auxiliary dynamo preferably driven by a motorsupplied with current from the consumption circuit, the auxiliary dynamobeing connected in local circuit with said main dynamo through thbprimary exciting winding, and being adapted to generate an M. F. inexcess of and opposlng that generated by the main dynamo; means forcontrolling the circuit of the primary exciting winding; a boosterdriven by the mo tor and connected in circuit between the main dynamoand the storage battery; means for regulating the magnitude anddirection of the E. M. F. generated by the booster while the storagebattery is dis charging; means for altering the connections of thebooster, after the main dynamo has been connected to the consumptioncircuit, so as to add the voltage generated by the booster to thatgenerated by-the main dynamo; and means for decreasing the boostervoltage as the charging current sent into the storage battery increases.

In Fig. 1, the storage battery 23 is permanently connected to theconsumption circuit 1, 2 with the translating devices such as 3. Onepole of the battery is directly connected to said circuit, and the otheris connected to it through the booster 30. One pole of the main dynamo 5is also permanently connected to the consumption circuit, while theother pole can be connected to said circuit at the proper time by meansof the switch 7 The voltage of the main dynamo is determined andregulated by means of the auxiliary dynamo electric machine 10 includedin the cir cuit of the primary exciting winding 14 of the main dynamo.The booster 30, the auxiliary dynamo, 10, and the discharge regu latingdynamo 26 are driven by the motor 38 connected across the mains 1, 2.The booster 30 is adapted to operate as a reversible booster, i. e. as abooster or as a crusher; When the storage battery alone feeds theconsumption circuit, the directionand magnitude of the voltage of thisreversible booster is regulated by the discharge regulating dynamo 26 inconjunction with the storage battery. This machine 30 is also 55 load onthe regulating dynamo 10. -'This adapted to operate as a chargingbooster when the main dynamo is connected to the mains. n

The various switches are shown in the positions they should occupy whenthe main dynamo 5 is at rest. The positive pole of the storage battery23 is directly connected to main 1, while the negative pole is connectedto main 2 by way of the booster 30, which is now so connected as to actas a reversible booster for the purpose of regulating the discharge ofthe storage battery.- To this end the series field winding 21 isshort+circuited at 22 and the primary .exciting winding 31 is.disconnected, but the discharge regulating winding 24 is connected tothenegative pole of the'storage battery near switch 22, and to the.positive pole by way of the discharge regulating dynamo .26 and theswitch 29. This dynamo 26, as well as the booster 30, is driven by theshunt mo tor'38 by means of the shaft 36. The motor is connected acrossthe'mains-and controlled by switch 41. It is adapted to run at aractically constant speed. The dynamo 26 generatesa constant E. M. F. 6and is so connected as to oppose the E. M. F. e -which is available atthe terminals of the storage battery and which varies with the conditionof the battery and with the current taken from it. If e, is reater than0 which will be the case when t e battery has been discharging for sometime or when it is supplyin an abnormally large current, then e, willdetermine the direction of the exciting current 11, through 24. Thedischarge regulating winding 24 is so connected that e, which isenerated by 30 is addedto e when 6 is arger than 0 thus keeping the E.M. F. (e) impressed on the mains 1 2 constant and higher than a Both 30and 26 act as generators when .9 is larger than a and must be driven by38. If 6 is greater than 6, then the direction of the current i, in thewinding 24 is reversed thereby automatically reversing the direction ofe,,. The booster 30 now crushes regulatm e thus still maintaining cconstant, and acts as a motor driving 38 while 26 also acts as-motor'and also. drives 38 thus returning the crushed energy. to -themains at the proper voltage. i

. Soon after the main dynamo begins to rotate its primary exciting.circuit can be closed but this is preferably donethrough a resistance soas not to throw an excess of exciting circuit must not be closed untilthe dynamo isrunning and excitedQ er excitingcircuit, of 5 can betraced" from its primary exciting wind- 14 to the reversing switch 13,the

compoundingwinding 12 of the auxiliary dynamo 10, thebrush 11, thecommuted winding 10, the brushes 9 and 6, the commuted winding 5, brush4, resistance 47 and backto '14 by way of switch 15. The E. M. F. a,generated by the auxiliary dynamo 10, provided with the shunt winding 8,not only opposes the E. M. F. e, generatedby 5 as indicated by thearrows '58 and 59 respectively, but is always larger than e 0, ispractically zero justbefore switch 1 5' is closed and 6 thereforedetermines the direction of the exciting current 2' The reversing switch13 is so placed that for thedirection in which 5 is driven 6 will beopposed to 6 and will thus diminish 2' with rising speed. As the speedincreases more of the resistance 47 is cut out and when the main dynamohas reached its critical speed the whole of 47 is cut-out. After this e,will always be equal to e -.-e, where e represents the ohmic drop in theprimary exciting winding 14. It is essential that 6 be larger than c,for it is only under such conditions that a true constant voltage dynamocan be built which will delivera constant pressure irrespective of theload and of the speed of rotation. If e is larger than 6, then the E. M.F. e, which is generated by the main dynamo, will always tend to equal cbecause the greater the excess of 0 over e the greater will be theexciting current, flowin through 14 and therefore the higher w' e, tendto rise. The maximum possible variation of e will be equal to that E. M.F. which is necessary to fully excite the main dynamo at the lowestspeed for which the machine is designed. It will never be possible fore, to become greater than 6 because e must necessarily become equal toe, before it can exceed 6 and it will be obvious that 6, can never reachthat value for the reason that the exciting current of the main dynamowould then become zero making (2 also zero. Whatever the speed or theload, e always tends to equal 0, but can never actually do so. No suchcondition could be secured if e, were chosen smaller than 6,. Proposalshave been made for regulating the main dynamo by inserting into theexciting circuit an auxiliary and variable E. M. F. and causing thisauxiliary E. M. F. to increase with increasing load on the main dynamo.Such an auxiliary E. M. F. must be zero at no-load and must rise withincreasing load. Not only can the polarity of such machines be reversedbut they only deliver approximately constant voltage and do so onlyunder load or when connected in parallel to a storage battery. Bychoosing e, greater than c I obtain a main dynamo, the polarity of whichcannot be reversed and which will give practically constant voltage atanyworking speed irrespective of its output in amperes. If 6 is madevariable then the ohmic resistance of 14 can be chosen relatively largeand the size of the auxiliary dynamo 10 can thus be reduced case themaximum variation of the voltage booster with a drooping characteristic.To

between any two speeds. A more constant;

while keeping .e, quite constant. Suppose a certain dynamo generatingabout 30 volts to require l-volt and amperes through its excit' winding,sa at the lowest speed for whic it is designe This dynamo will need anauxiliary dynamo 10 having an output of 31 volts and 10 amperes. If theturns in the exciting circuit be now doubled, this main dynamo willrequire a maximum excitation of 2 volts and 5 amperes necessitatmg anauxiliary dynamo with an output of only 32 volts and 5 amperes. In thefirst at the terminals of the main dynamo will: be 1 volt with a .310watt auxiliary dynamo. j In the second case this maximum variationg willbe 2 volts with a 160 watt auxiliary dynamo. If the voltage of theauxiliary 160 watt-dynamo is made to vary from 32 volts when fiveamperes flow through the exciting winding 14 of the main dynamo, down tovolts, when this current has fallen to say,

.01 amperes, then the voltage of the main; dynamo will not vary by morethan .01 volts 5 main voltage is thus secured notwithstanding the factthat the size of the auxiliary dynamo has been reduced from 310 to 160watts. In this case .e, is made to increase with increasing i, bycompounding the dynamo 10. The'main dynamo 5 can be paralleled with thestorage battery at the critical or at any higher speed and this can bedone without shock to the system provided e, and e, have been so chosenthat e and 6 always remain of practically equal magnitude.

The main dynamo is connected to the consumption circuit 'by-closingswitch 7 The next operation is to convert the booster 30 from areversible booster into a charging this end switch 32 is placed on point33, thus overpowering the discharge regulating winding 24 by means ofthe'shunt exciting winding 31 and making c of same direction as 0,.Switch 29 can now be opened and switch 32 moved to point 3 1. Whenswitch 22 is opened and switch 32 placed .on point 35 then the booster30 will assume a drooping characteristic due to the series demagnetizingwinding 21 and will be fully excited by the shunt winding 31. The maindynamo can now directly supply the con-5 sumption circuit and charge thestorage battery at the same time with the help of theg charging booster3.0 while its E. M. F. isf being kept constant by. the auxiliary dy-gnamo 10. The motor 38 must of course drive the auxiliary dynamo 10 andthe booster 30. The resistances which are provided are only in use for avery short time;

and they are all inserted in exciting cir-f cults. The losses they canoccasion, if left! in for any length .of must therefor-e be extremelysmall. All disturbing fluctuations of e are avoided and the highestefficiency is preserved at all stages of the switching operations. If itis desired occasionally to overcharge the battery. then switch 74 can beclosed thus shortcircuiting the small resistance 73 and raising thecharging voltage. The maximum charging current can be adjusted by meansof the resistance 71 connected in parallel with the series winding 21.If it be not desired to regulate the discharge of the battery, then thedischarge regulating dynamo 26 can be left out, and the connectionscorrespondingly simplified.

In Fig. 2 is shown the preferred form of the elements and connections ofmy system of distribution in which the main dynamo and thejbooster havea primary exciting or teaser winding and a secondary, locally closed,exciting winding' This type of dynamo makes it possible to greatlyreduce the size of the auxiliary and 00f the discharge regulatingdynamos. It has the further advantage of permitting an E. M. F. of samedirection to be obtained irrespective of the direction of rotationand-without reversing the connections of the exciting circuits byshifting the brushes or otherwise. Fig. 2 also shows a centrifugallycontrolled main switch with levers 56, 57 in place of the variousindependent switches shown in Fig. 1. The centrifugal device controllingthis switch is driven from the main dynamo by way of example through theshaft 52 and the miter wheels 53, 54. The posi tion in which this switchis shown corresponds to zero revolutions of the main dynamo. It is seenthat for this position of the main switch the positive pole of thestorage battery is directly connected to main 1 while the negative poleis connectedi-to main 2 by way of the emergency switch '64, workingbrush 20, commuted winding 30, working brush 19 and neutralizing winding61 of the booster, thence by way of contact 22, lever 57, contact 2' ofthe main switch, and the emergency switch 65 to main 2. The booster 30together with the discharge regulating dynamo 26 and the auxiliarydynamo 10 are driven by the motor 38 by means of the shaft 36. The motorhas a brushes 62 and 70. The discharge regulat- 'ing winding 24 of thisbooster is connected on one side to the negative pole of the storagebattery through switch 64 and on the other side to the negative brush 25of the discharge regulating dynamo 26 provided with the shunt winding28. The positive brush 2? of this dynamo is connected to the positivepole of the storage battery by way of contact 29, lever 56 and contact 1of the main switch; All the other circuits except the secondary excitingcircuit of the main dynamo, the shunt winding 8 of the auxiliary dynamo,and the short circuited,

winding 21 of the booster-are open. In this position of the main switchthe booster keeps the E. M. F. (e) impressed on the consumption circuit,constant by either adding to or subtracting from the E. M. F. 6 of thestorage battery according to whether the E- M. F. 6 generated bythedischarge regulating dynamo 26 is larger or smaller than When the maindynamois driven in either direction, the weights 55 fly out and move thelever of the main switch. \Vhen a suiticient speed has been reached,lever 56 comes into contact with point 16 thus closing the local circuitwhich .can be traced through the neutralizing winding 75, the workingbrush 6, the commuted winding 5, the working brush 4 and the primaryexciting or teaser winding 14 of the main dynamo, to the compoundwinding 12 of the auxiliary dynamo, to its brush 9, its commuted winding 10, and its brush 11, thence to contact 18 resistance 47, contact16, lever 56 and contact 1 of the main switch and back to the positivepole of the main dynamo which thus becomes excited. With increasingspeed the resistance 47 is entirely out out and when lever 57 reachescontact 7 then. the main dynamo is directly connected to the consumptioncircuit through the fuse 48. At a still higher speed lever 56 comes intocontact with point 33 connecting the ori- .mary exciting winding 31 ofthe booster in parallel to the mains through the resistance 46. Part ofthis resistance is cut out when the lever 56 reaches point 34 and at thesame time the discharge regulating circuit is broken at 29. When lever57 leaves contact 22 the shunt shortcircuiting the demagnetizing serieswinding 21 of the booster is opened and when lever 56 standson contact35 all the" resistance 46 is out out of the circuit of 31. In thisposition of the main switch the main dynamo supplies the consumptioncircuit at a constant potential and charges the battery with the help ofthe booster, the voltage of the latter increasing with decreasingcharging current owing to the demagnetizingseries winding 21. The

foregoing operations are automatically carried out in reversed order asthe speed diminishes. Where the lights are not required for ordinaryservice and the main dynamo is not likely to be driven, then switch 41can be opened thus stopping the motor. The emergency switches 64, shouldthen be placed on points 67 and 66 respectively. Lights can thus besupplied direct from the storage battery, but no current can flow intoany of the machines- A numerical example will serve to make theadvantages of the system clear. Assume in Fig. 2 a maximum output of3000 watts at 31 volts for the main dynamo 5, 300 watts will then berequired in its shortcircuited exciting circuit 50, 5, 51, 49 andconsequently only about 50 watts in its teaser winding 14. If themaximum ohmic drop 6 across the terminalsof 14 is chosen at 10 volts,then a, must be made to vary between 41 and 31 volts and must deliver amaximum of 5 amperes. The maximum output of the aux iliary dynamo 10 istherefore 205-watt-s requiring an input of 345 watts if an efliciencyof60% be assumed for this separately excited machine. This size of thebooster 30 is determined by the maximum volts,.. and the maximum currentrequired from same. This booster must generate its, maximum oltage whencharging its storage battery, and must handle its largest current whenregulating the discharge of the'battery. The maximum voltage required tobe generated by 30 for charging 16 cells is 12 volts. The 7 maximumdischarge current ofthe storage battery is 50 amperes. When regulatingthe discharge of the stora e battery to 31 volts 6 must be made 31 v0ts, because the maximum voltage of the battery is about 35.2 volts. Themaximum output of the booster 30 must be (4.2 volts 50 amperes) 210Watts requiring an input of 467 watts at 45% efliciency for thisself-excited booster. Owing to its dropping characteristic the maximumoutputof the booster 30 when doing duty as a charging booster will beabout 160 watts with an efliciency of about 40% and thismachine willthen require an input of 400 watts. During the regulation of the batterydischarge the exciting circuit 62, 30, 70, 56 of the booster 30 willrequire about 42 watts and its teaser circuit 24 will consequently onlyrequire some 18 watts, making an output of 134 watts necessary from thedischarge regulating dynamo26. The corresponding input into theregulating dynamo 26 must be say 242 watts on the assumption of anefficiency of 55%. The motor 38 may have to drive 30 and 26 at full.load for discharging purposes when its output must be 709 watts or 0.95horse power or it may have to drive 10 at full load and 30 at full loadwhen charging, and its output must 'thenbe 745 watts or 1 horse power. Aone horse power motor will of course do the work easily, and thismachine can be run at any desired speed. This example shows that thedynamo electric machines required in this system for regulating purposesare ver small and alwa s run under very favorab e electrical con itions.Furthermore the voltages for which they must be designed are very low,so that these machines can very easily be made to run perfectly and tobe quite free from breakdowns. No energy being wasted in resistancesdurin the regulating process, the system is a highly eflicient one. Theregulation is very rapid because all intermediate electromagnetic andtherefore slu%ish devices are avoided and the excitin uxes of thevarious dynamos are direct y adjusted.

Having fully described my invention,

iwhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States is:

1. Ina system of electrical distribution, the combination of aconsumption circuit, a storage battery and a main dynamo connectedthereto, said main dynamo being provided with an exciting winding, anauxiliary dynamo adapted to generate a higher voltage than the maindynamo and connected in opposition to said main dynamo through saidexcitingwinding, and means in circuit with the main dynamo forregulating the charging current of the storage battery.

2. In a system of electrical distribution, the combination of aconsumption circuit, a storage battery, a main dynamo connected theretoand having an exciting circuit, an auxiliary dynamo connected in saidexciting circuit of the main dynamo, said auxiliary dynamo being adaptedto generate an E. M. F. in excess of and opposing the E. M. F. generatedby said main dynamo, means for varying the E. M. F. generated by theauxiliary dynamo, and means in circuit with the main dynamo forregulating the charging current of the storage battery.

3. In a system of electrical distribution,

the combination of a consumption circuit,

a. storage battery connected thereto, a main dynamo connected in saidexciting circuit and for supplying current to the consumption circuit,an auxiliary dynamo adapted to generate an E. M. F. in excess of, and

opposing the E. M. F. generated by the main dynamo, a motor connected tothe consumption circuit and driving the auxiliary dynamo, and means incircuit with the main dynamo for regulating the charging current of thestorage battery.

4. In a system of electrical distribution,

the combination ofa consumption circuit, a storage battery and a maindynamo connected thereto and having an exciting circuit, an auxiliarydynamo connected in said exciting circuit of the main dynamo, saidauxiliary dynamo being adapted to generate an E. M. F. in excess of andop ing the E. M. .F. generated by said main dynanio, a motor connectedto the consumption circuit and driving the auxiliary dynamo, means forvarying the speed of said motor, and means in circuit with the maindynamo for regulating the charging current of the storage battery.

5. In a system of electrical distribution,

the combination of a consumption circuit, astorage battery connectedthereto, a main dynamo having an exciting circuit and an auxiliarydynamo connected in said exciting circuit, said auxiliary dynamo beingadapted to generate an E. M. F. in excess of and opposing the E. M. F.generated by said main dynamo, means for connecting the main dynamo tothe consumption circuit and a booster in circuit between said maindynamo and the storage battery.

'6. In a system of electrical distribution, the combination of aconsumption circuit, a storage battery connected thereto, a main dynamoprovided with a primary exciting winding, an auxiliary dynamo connectedin local circuit with said main dynamo through the said excitingwinding, said auxiliary dynamo being adapted to generate an E. M. F. inexcess of and opposing the E. M. F. generated by said main dynamo, meansfor connecting the main dynamo to the consumption circuit, and a boosterin circuit 9 between said dynamo and the storage battery.

In a system of electrical distribution, the combination of a consumptioncircuit, a storage battery connected thereto, a main dynamo providedwith a primary exciting :winding, an auxiliary dynamo connected in localcircuit with said main dynamothrough the said exciting winding, saidauxiliary dynamo being adapted to generate an E. M. F. in excess of andopposing the E. M. F. generated by said main dynamo, means forconnect-ing the main dynamo to the consumption circuit, a booster incircuit between said dynamo and the storage battery, and means fordecreasing the voltage of said booster as the charging currentincreases.

8. In a system of electrical distribution, the combination of aconsumption circuit, a storage battery connected thereto, a main dynamoand an auxiliary dynamo connected in local circuit, said auxiliarydynamo being adapted to generate an E. M. F. in excess of and opposingthe E. M. F. generated by said main dynamo, 'means for connecting themain dynamo to the consumption circuit, a booster in circuit betweensaid main dynamo and the storage battery, and means for regulating themagnitude and direction of the E. M. F generated by the booster.

'9'. In a system of electrical distribution,

the combination of a consumption circuit, a a

storage battery connected thereto, a main dynamo and an-auxiliary dynamoconnected 10. In a system of electrical distribution,-

the combination of a consumption circuit, a storage battery connectedthereto, a main dynamo and an auxiliary dynamo connected in localcircuit, means for connecting the .main dynamo to the consumptioncircuit, a

booster in circuit between said main dynamo and the storage battery andprovided with a discharge regulating winding, a discharge regulatingdynamo connected in local circuit with said storage battery through saiddischarge regulating winding, and adapted to generate an E. M. F.opposing that produced by the storage battery.

11. In a system ofelectr'ical distribution, the combination of aconsumption circuit, a storage battery connected'thereto, a main dynamoand an auxiliary dynamo connected in local circuit, said auxiliarydynamo being adapted to generate an E. M: F. in excess of and opposingthe E. M. generated by said main dynamo, means for connecting the maindynamo to the consumption circuit, a booster in circuit between saidmain dynamo and the storage battery and provided with a dis chargeregulating winding, a source of independent E. F. so connected in localcircuit with said storage battery through said discharge regulatingwinding that the independent E. M. F. opposes the E. M. F. produced bythe storage battery, means for interrupting the circuit of the dischargeregulating winding when charging the battery and means for decreasingthe voltage impressed on the storage battery as-the charging currentincreases.

12. In a system of electrical distribution, the combination with aconsumption circuit of a storage battery, a main dynamo provided with anexciting winding, working brushes connected to the consumption cir cuitand excitingbrushes, an auxiliary regu- I lating dynamo in circuit withthe exciting winding and adapted to generate an E. M. F.

in excess of and arranged to oppose the E.

F. generated by the-main dynamo, a motor for driving said auxiliarydynamo and means in circuit with the main dynamo for regulating thecharging current of the storage battery.

13. In a system of electrical distribution, the combination with aconsumption circuit, ,of a main dynamo adapted to be connected thereto,an auxiliary regulating dynamo, a storage battery, a booster included inthe circuit between the main dynamo and the storage battery, and havinga discharge regulating winding and a charge regulating winding, adischarge regulating dynamo, means for driving the auxiliary dynamo, thebooster and the discharge regulating dynamo, means for connecting saiddischarge regulating winding in circuit with the storage battery and thedischarge regulating dynamo when discharging the storage battery, andmeans for rendering said charge regulating winding inoperative whendischarging the battery.

14. In a system of electrical distribution, the combination with aconsumption circuit, of a main dynamo, an auxiliary regulating dynamo, astorage battery, a booster included in the circuit between the maindynamo and the storage battery and having a dis charge regulatingwinding and a charge regulating winding, a discharge regulating dynamo,means for driving the auxiliary dynamo, the booster and the dischargeregulating dynamo, andlautomatic means for progressively changing theconnections between elements of the system asthespeed varies.

15. In a system of electrical distribution, the combination with aconsumption circuit, of a main dynamo adapted to be connected inparallelthereto, an auxiliary regulating dynamo, a storage battery, abooster included in the circuit between the main dynamo and the storagebattery and having a discharge regulating winding and a chargeregulating winding, a discharge regulating dynamo and means for drivingthe auxiliary dynamo, the booster and the discharge regulating dynamo.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and aflixed my seal inthe presence of the two subscribing witnesses.

vALERE ALFRED FYNN. [1,. s.]

Witnesses; I

E. E. HUFFMAN,

M. AnNoLn.

